基于双边市场理论的云制造平台定价策略

基于双边市场理论,分析了垄断的云制造平台在收取会员费和交易费模式下的最优定价策略,并利用数值仿真分析了两种收费模式下平台最优利润的差异。结果表明:两种模式下的单边最优定价均与缴费方的自网络外部性系数和免费方的交叉网络外部性系数负相关,与免费方用户数量正相关,双边最优定价受各参数影响方向取决于供需方各参数的相对大小;单边定价对象为用户数量相对较多一方,平台两边用户数量相对平衡时,单边最优定价等于双边最优定价,双边定价时的平台最优利润高于单边定价;最优定价策略由平台内交易次数决定,交易次数较多时双边收取交易费模式更优,交易次数较少时双边收取会员费更优,交易次数临界值取决于平台内网络效应和用户数量。     

Harnessing adaptive capacity to close the pandora’s box of open innovation

ABSTRACT

This paper focuses on how companies deploy structural properties of adaptive capacity (multiplexity, redundancy and loose coupling) to cope with the phenomenon of internal challenges of Open Innovation (OI) implementation, i.e. organisational and cultural changes. We developed a single case study, which offered significant findings. First, the multiplexity of relationships in OI settings helps to face the challenges of organisational and cultural changes by triggering trust formation and interaction. Second, redundancy has twofold elements: institutional logics redundancy triggers cultural change challenges which can be overcome through management practices and communications; task redundancy facilitates knowledge sharing and collaboration, thus helping to deal with organisational change challenges. Finally, loose coupling in OI settings facilitates social interconnectedness among members through management practices, helping to face organisational and cultural change challenges. We provide managerial and theoretical implication to deal with the challenges of OI in relation to both organisational and cultural changes.     

Application of artificial neural network optimization for resilient ceramic parts fabricated by direct ink writing

Geometries of ceramic parts for high-temperature sealing have great influence on their compression-resilience behaviors. In this work, an accurate and large-scale artificial neural network (ANN) was established to match the relationship between structural parameters and mechanical properties of ZrO₂ parts fabricated by 3D printing. Four geometry parameters of the designed ZrO₂ parts were imported as input and apparent Young's modulus and maximum deformation simulated by finite element method (FEM) were imported as output. FEM calculation provided 400 groups of data for the training of ANN, which greatly improved the predicted accuracy of the network. The predicted results show the mechanical performance of the parts with a range of modulus from 9.24 × 10⁻³ GPa to 100.35 × 10⁻³ GPa and a range of maximum deformation from 2.32% to 5.80% can be forecasted with error less than 8%. Based on the optimized structural parameters, the designed ZrO₂ parts were fabricated by Direct Ink Writing (DIW) technique. The experimental compression-rebound property is comparable to that of ANN prediction. It demonstrates that the combined method of ANN and FEM is a preferable way to optimize the structure and guide the fabrication of complex ceramic parts by 3D printing method.     

[学科发展]5D打印——生物功能组织的制造

生物制造是制造技术与生命科学技术交叉融合产生的新兴学科方向，这一学科方向的发展将为巨大的人体组织与器官市场提供新技术，同时也给制造技术变革带来新机遇。面向生物制造未来发展，提出5D打印制造概念，论述了5D打印的内涵，分析了其关键技术。结合生物制造技术的现有进展，介绍了研究团队在心肌组织支架的制造、类脑神经组织制造、爬行生命机械混合机器人方面取得的初步研究进展，为生物制造技术拓展新方向提供新思路。     

Optical in-process height measurement system for process control of laser metal-wire deposition

We propose an in-process height measurement system for a weld bead and feedback control system for wire-feeding speed for high-quality laser deposition. Metal additive manufacturing, especially laser metal-wire deposition, is effective for complex shape fabrication and repair processing. However, we must control the gap between a weld bead and a feed wire in an optimal range for high-quality deposition. Conventionally, the Z-stage pitch for multi-layer deposition must be precisely adjusted by each deposition shape. In this paper, we design an in-process height measurement system that is integrated in a laser processing head, which measures the weld bead height by a line section method. We decreased the influence of the intense thermal radiation generated from a melt pool by inserting the band-pass filter of the line beam's wavelength in the imaging system and optimizing its line laser power. Consequently, our system can measure the weld bead height near the melt pool, which is 4 mm in front of it. Next we show that our proposed system can measure the weld bead height during wire-laser metal deposition with 50-μm accuracy by comparing its value to the true value. Finally, we achieved a cylinder shape deposition of 50-mm height, regardless of the Z-stage pitch and the cylinder diameter of the multi-layer deposition, by controlling the wire-feeding speed based on the measured weld bead height.     

煤炭产业环境保护的路径探讨

煤炭在促进经济的同时也给生态环境带来了严重的影响,采取有效措施减少煤炭产业对环境的污染,具有很重要的现实意义。为改善环境污染问题,分析了煤炭产业的环境保护问题并提出相应的解决措施。分析认为,需在国家、地方政府、企业层面强化生态环境保护;从提升资源配置、促进煤炭产业转型升级、加强创新驱动等方面促进资源合理开发;需通过制度保障提升科研协作的成效,促进煤炭绿色开采及清洁利用。在注重环保的同时,落实环境一体化产业政策,向环境依存度较低、知识密集型方向发展,可促进行业可持续发展。     

[数据驱动的智能服务]数据驱动的复杂产品智能服务技术与应用

随着传感器、数据采集装置和其他具备感知能力的模块在复杂产品服务运行阶段的应用，复杂产品运维系统的数字化和智能化程度越来越高，具有实时、多源、异构、海量等特性的数据成为提高复杂产品系统可靠和低成本运行的决策依据，数字孪生技术提供了一种有效途径。介绍了数据驱动的复杂产品智能服务研究进展；分析了数据驱动的智能服务基本特征与框架模型；提出了数据驱动的复杂产品智能服务方法，主要包括面向服务的复杂产品建模与仿真方法、数据驱动的服务需求获取与精准分析预测方法、基于数字孪生的设备故障识别与动态性能预测方法、数据驱动的装备视情维修与备件库存联合多目标决策优化方法、基于数字孪生的复杂产品辅助维修技术、多要素协同的复杂装备能效精准分析预测方法、基于数据挖掘的复杂产品运行优化控制方法等；给出了智能服务系统的应用案例。所提出的框架和方法可为现代制造服务的智能化转型升级提供参考。     

带检测环节的制造单元布局优化

针对带检测环节的智能制造单元，考虑其具有随机性因素的特点，本文对其机器布局问题进行研究。首先对该智能制造单元的生产过程及特点进行分析，建立其机器布局优化问题的随机非线性整数规划的数学模型；然后建立该智能制造单元对应的仿真模型，对该优化问题进行求解；最后分析抽检率的变化对最优解造成的影响，并对该智能制造单元的性能指标进行方差分析，研究不同的布局方案和抽检率对系统性能的影响程度。研究成果为企业进行智能制造单元的机器布局提供决策依据。     

A note on stability analysis of 2-D linear discrete systems based on the Fornasini–Marchesini second model: Stability with asymmetric Lyapunov matrix

A recently reported Lyapunov based criterion (Singh (2014) [7]) for the asymptotic stability of two-dimensional (2-D) linear discrete systems described by the Fornasini–Marchesini second local state-space (FMSLSS) model is reviewed. It is established in this paper that, despite utilizing a more general Lyapunov matrix, Singh's criterion will never lead to an enhanced stability region in the parameter-space as compared to that obtainable via Hinamoto–Lu's criterion.     

汽车产业中的职业技术教育研究

汽车产业是我国的支柱产业,为了落实国家《现代职业教育体系建设规划(2014-2020年)》精神,满足汽车产业经济运行和发展对职业技术人才的需求,通过研究汽车产业经济的职业教育目标指向、如何适应产业经济运行、引领产业经济发展等问题,采用对汽车产业经济结构、产业经济链的结构、科学技术结构、职业教育中学科与专业结构的分析研究,找到了"经济运行维持类"、"科学技术进步类"、"产品创新发展类"职业教育模式,还找到了汽车产业经济链、核心技术、专业课、专业基础课、基础课之间关联结构。对汽车产业高等职业教育具有积极作用。